Ecology is a since which studies the relationship between all forms of life on our planet and the environment. This word came from Greek “oikos” which means home.
The idea of home includes our whole planet, its population, Nature, animals, birds, fish, insets and all other living beings and even the atmosphere around our planet. People have always polluted their surroundings. Even in ancient times people admitted that their health was depending on the state of surroundings. But only in XX century humanity, in full measure, realized, that many diseases are closely connected with the air and water pollution and inferior products. • Since ancient times Nature has served Man giving everything he needs: air to breathe, food to eat, water to drink, wood for building and fuel for heating his home. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with the environment and it seemed to them that the resources of nature had no end or limit.
With the industrial revolution our negative influence on Nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of steaming, polluting plants and factories can be found nowadays all over the world. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe water we drink the fields where our crops are grown. Is an unwanted change in the quality of earth’s earths atmosphere caused by emission of gases due to burning of fossil fuel, transportation, industrial institution etc. Source Pollution Transportatio n 42% Fuel 21% Industries 14% Solid waste disposal 05% Other 18% 1. Gaseous waste: Oxides of nitrogen, SO 2, CO.
Environmental problems in Kazakhstan. 'The nature should be protected as we protect human lives”. Environmental problems of our Republic.
Cl, Br, I, O 3 & smog. Complex organic chemicals: Benzene, ether. Acid prop lets: H 2 SO 4, HNO 3 4. Agrochemicals: fertilizers, pesticides, herbicixles, fungicides, rematicides, weedicides, bectreci des etc.
Metals: Mercury, lead, Cd, Zn, Fe, Ni etc. Solid wasre: Garbage, plastic etc. Radioactive waste: Nuclear reacters, uranium, nuclear explosion.
Noise waste Different Pollutants. Natural Pollutants: The pollution which comes out from natural sources such as forest fires volcanic eruption decomposition of organic matter & natural radioactivity. Primary Pollutants: Harmful chemical that directly enters the air as a result of human activity. These are deforestisation burning of fossil fuel industrialization warfare etc. Secondary pollutants: These result from chemical reactions between two or more air components.
Formation of secondary pollutants 2 SO 2 +O 2 2 SO 3 +H 2 O H 2 SO 4 (Secondary pollutant). Modern smog is a type of air pollution derived from vehicular emission from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form photochemical smog. Smo g Smog is a serious problem in many cities and continues to harm human health.
Ground-level ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide are especially harmful for senior citizens, children, and people with heart and lung conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma. Photochemical smog: In 1952 London was covered by smog for 10 days. This smog was caused by fog, smoke, ash, & SO 2 plus NO 2. Autocom cdp pro keygen.
Sunlight played a great role in the formation of this smog. Though deaths occurring at that time were not directly attributed to the smog later statistics confirmed that 6, 000 more people. Mexico City Within one generation, the city has changed from being known for some of the cleanest air of the world into one with some of the worst pollution, with pollutants like nitrogen dioxide being double or even triple international standards. Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with harmful substances that can adversely affect the quality of the soil and the health of those living on it. SOIL POLLUTION Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with harmful substances that can adversely affect the quality of the soil and the health of those living on it.
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Soil contamination or soil pollution is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals, or improper disposal of waste. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (such as naphthalene and benzo(a)pyrene), solvents, pesticides, lead, and other heavy metals.
Contamination is correlated with the degree of industrialization and intensity of chemical usage. CAUSES OF SOIL POLLUTION • Use of chemical include – Pesticides, insecticides, fertilizers. • Excessive use of these chemical increases salinity of the soil. • It adversely affects the micro-organisms present in it causing soil to lose its fertility.